synthesis of perovskite hydroxide catalysts
Scientists have developed a faster, more efficient way to synthesize CoSn (OH)6, a powerful catalyst required for high-energy lithium--air batteries


Date:
June 26, 2023
Source:
Shibaura Institute of Technology
Summary:
CoSn(OH)6 (CSO) is an effective oxygen evolution reaction (OER)
catalyst, necessary for developing next-generation lithium --
air batteries.

However, current methods of synthesizing CSO are complicated
and slow.

Recently, an international research team synthesized CSO in a
single step within 20 minutes using solution plasma to generate CSO
nanocrystals with excellent OER catalytic properties. Their findings
could boost the manufacturing of high energy density batteries.


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FULL STORY ==========================================================================
With global warming on the rise, it has become imperative to
reduce fossil fuel dependency and switch to alternate green energy
sources. The development of electric vehicles is a move towards this
direction. However, electric vehicles require high energy density
batteries for their functioning, and conventional lithium-ion batteries
are not up to the task. Theoretically, lithium-air batteries provide a
higher energy density than lithium-ion batteries. However, before they can
be put to practical use, these batteries need to be made energy efficient, their cycle characteristics need to be enhanced, and the overpotential
needed to charge/discharge the oxygen redox reaction needs to be reduced.

To address these issues, a suitable catalyst is needed to accelerate
the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) inside the battery. The OER is
an extremely important chemical reaction involved in water splitting
for improving the performance of storage batteries. Rare and expensive
noble metal oxides such as ruthenium(IV) oxide (RuO2) and iridium(IV)
oxide (IrO2) have typically been used as catalysts to expedite the OER
of metal-air batteries. More affordable catalytic materials include
transition metals, such as perovskite-type oxides and hydroxides, which
are known to be highly active for the OER. CoSn(OH)6 (CSO) is one such perovskite-type hydroxide that is known to be a promising OER catalyst.

However, current methods of synthesizing CSO are slow (require over 12
hours) and require multiple steps.

In a recent breakthrough, a research team from Shibaura Institute of
Technology in Japan, led by Prof. Takahiro Ishizaki along with Mr. Masaki Narahara and Dr.

Sangwoo Chae, managed to synthesize CSO in just 20 minutes using only a
single step! To achieve this remarkable feat, the team used a solution
plasma process, a cutting-edge method for material synthesis in a
nonthermal reaction field.

Their research was published in Issue 11 of the journal Sustainable
Energy & Fuels on 17 April 2023.

The team used X-ray diffractometry to show that highly crystalline CSO
could be synthesized from a precursor solution by adjusting the pH to
values greater than 10 to 12. Using a transmission electron microscope,
they further noticed that the CSO crystals were cube-shaped, with sizes
of about 100-300 nm. The team also used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
to investigate the composition and binding sites of CSO crystals and
found Cobalt (Co) in a divalent and Tin (Sn) in a tetravalent state
within the compound.

Finally, the team used an electrochemical method to look at the properties
of CSO as a catalyst for OER. They observed that synthesized CSO had
an overpotential of 350 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm-2. "CSO
synthesized at pH12 had the best catalytic property among all samples synthesized. In fact, this sample had slightly better catalytic properties
than that of even commercial-grade RuO2," highlights Prof. Ishizaki. This
was confirmed when the pH 12 sample was shown to have the lowest
potential, specifically 104 mV lower than that of commercially available
RuO2 vs. reversible hydrogen electrode at 10 mA cm-2.

Overall, this study describes, for the first time, an easy and efficient process for synthesizing CSO. This process makes CSO practically effective
for use in lithium-air batteries and opens a new avenue towards the
realization of next-generation electric batteries.

"The synthesized CSO showed superior electrocatalytic properties for
OER. We hope that the perovskite-type CSO materials will be applied
to energy devices and will contribute to the high functionalization of
electric vehicles," Prof.

Ishizaki concludes. "This, in turn, will bring us one step closer towards achieving carbon neutrality by enabling a new energy system independent
of fossil fuels."
* RELATED_TOPICS
o Matter_&_Energy
# Batteries # Energy_Technology # Energy_and_Resources
# Alternative_Fuels # Petroleum # Materials_Science #
Chemistry # Physics
* RELATED_TERMS
o Lithium o Catalysis o Autocatalysis o Alternative_fuel_vehicle
o Solar_power o Catalytic_converter o Acid o Aerodynamics

========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by
Shibaura_Institute_of_Technology. Note: Content may be edited for style
and length.


========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Masaki Narahara, So Yoon Lee, Kodai Sasaki, Kaito Fukushima, Kenichi
Tanaka, Sangwoo Chae, Xiulan Hu, Gasidit Panomsuwan, Takahiro
Ishizaki.

Solution plasma synthesis of perovskite hydroxide CoSn(OH)6 nanocube
electrocatalysts toward the oxygen evolution reaction. Sustainable
Energy & Fuels, 2023; 7 (11): 2582 DOI: 10.1039/D3SE00221G ==========================================================================

Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/06/230626163939.htm

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